Tic douloureux is a chronic facial pain, which is caused by nerve damage.
Trigeminal neuralgia causes severe facial pain in the lower half of the face. The pain is described as jolts or electric shocks that can last for a few seconds or a few minutes at a time. Pain may occur in one or more areas on both sides of the face, including the cheeks, lips and gums.
The cause of trigeminal neuralgia isn’t always clear. It’s often associated with:
-Aging
-A history of head trauma
-A family history of similar symptoms in other family members
-Neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, tumor compression or infection